Reumatoidn\u00e1 artrit\u00edda (RA) je chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1palov\u00e9 ochorenie. Ako autoimunitn\u00e9 ochorenie sp\u00f4sobuje reumatoidn\u00e1 artrit\u00edda, ktor\u00e1 sp\u00f4sobuje, \u017ee imunitn\u00fd syst\u00e9m nap\u00e1da zdrav\u00e9 bunky v celom tele. To n\u00e1sledne vedie k z\u00e1palu, ktor\u00fd potom sp\u00f4sobuje boles\u0165 k\u013abov. Niekedy v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee po\u0161kodi\u0165 aj org\u00e1ny vr\u00e1tane p\u013e\u00fac, srdca a o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pod\u013ea Svetovej zdravotn\u00edckej organiz\u00e1cie \u017eije s reumatoidnou artrit\u00eddou pribli\u017ene 18 mili\u00f3nov \u013eud\u00ed na celom svete. Pre mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa toto ochorenie, boles\u0165 a stuhnutos\u0165 k\u013abov s\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa dodr\u017eiavanie ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu. V\u010dasn\u00e1 lie\u010dba v\u0161ak m\u00f4\u017ee tieto \u00fa\u010dinky zmierni\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pohlavie a vek s\u00fa dva hlavn\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 faktory reumatoidnej artrit\u00eddy. U \u017eien je dvakr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ia pravdepodobnos\u0165 vzniku tohto ochorenia ako u mu\u017eov a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed m\u00e1 pr\u00edznaky po \u0161es\u0165desiatke. \u010eal\u0161ie rizikov\u00e9 faktory \u2013 vr\u00e1tane faj\u010denia a obezity \u2013 mo\u017eno zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 zmenami \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu. \u013dudia m\u00f4\u017eu zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko vzniku reumatoidnej artrit\u00eddy t\u00fdm, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Za\u010dlenenie vhodn\u00e9ho cvi\u010denia na zv\u00fd\u0161enie mobility<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Udr\u017eiavanie zdravej telesnej hmotnosti<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Konzum\u00e1cia v\u00fd\u017eivnej stravy<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Udr\u017eiavanie dobr\u00e9ho zubn\u00e9ho zdravia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Z\u00e1kaz faj\u010denia<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Reumatoidn\u00e1 artrit\u00edda sa striedavo prejavuje dvoma \u0161t\u00e1diami: vzplanut\u00edm, ke\u010f sa pr\u00edznaky zhor\u0161ia, a remisiou, ke\u010f sa pr\u00edznaky zlep\u0161ia. Po\u010das vzplanutia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee trva\u0165 od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch hod\u00edn do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, m\u00f4\u017ee \u010dlovek poci\u0165ova\u0165:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Boles\u0165 k\u013abov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Tuhos\u0165 k\u013abov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Probl\u00e9my s rovnov\u00e1hou<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Opuch a citlivos\u0165 k\u013abov<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Slabos\u0165<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 Hor\u00fa\u010dka<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Osteoartr\u00f3za je degenerat\u00edvne ochorenie k\u013abov, ktor\u00e9 sa \u010dasom zhor\u0161uje. Hoci tieto dve formy artrit\u00eddy m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 podobn\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky, maj\u00fa odli\u0161n\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny. Zatia\u013e \u010do reumatoidn\u00e1 artrit\u00edda je autoimunitn\u00e9 ochorenie, osteoartr\u00f3za je v\u00fdsledkom v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho opotrebovania sp\u00f4sobuj\u00faceho postupn\u00fd rozpad chrupavky v k\u013abe, \u00fabytku synovi\u00e1lnej tekutiny s\u00favisiaceho s vekom alebo ak\u00fatnej traumy k\u013abu. Aj ke\u010f obe sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa boles\u0165 k\u013abov, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby lek\u00e1r diagnostikoval, ktor\u00fa formu artrit\u00eddy pacient m\u00e1, aby mu mohol predp\u00edsa\u0165 naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161iu lie\u010dbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hoci kone\u010dn\u00fd liek e\u0161te nebol objaven\u00fd, jeho pr\u00edznaky sa daj\u00fa zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165. \u010c\u00edm sk\u00f4r sa s lie\u010dbou za\u010dne, t\u00fdm je pravdepodobnej\u0161ie, \u017ee sa progresia ochorenia spomal\u00ed alebo m\u00f4\u017ee vst\u00fapi\u0165 do remisie. Bez lie\u010dby sa v\u0161ak stav zhor\u0161\u00ed. Ak si niekto mysl\u00ed, \u017ee m\u00e1 prv\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky reumatoidnej artrit\u00eddy, mal by nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 lek\u00e1ra na konzult\u00e1ciu a stanovenie diagn\u00f3zy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Medzi lieky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu spomali\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinky reumatoidnej artrit\u00eddy a zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 po\u0161kodeniu k\u013abov, patria chorobu modifikuj\u00face antireumatick\u00e9 lieky (DMARD), glukokortikoidy, nesteroidn\u00e9 protiz\u00e1palov\u00e9 lieky (NSAID) a analgetik\u00e1 (lieky proti bolesti). Okrem toho m\u00f4\u017eu fyzioterapeuti a ergoterapeuti poskytn\u00fa\u0165 \u00fa\u013eavu od bolesti a podpori\u0165 pohyblivos\u0165 cvi\u010deniami ur\u010den\u00fdmi na udr\u017eanie flexibility k\u013abov. V pokro\u010dil\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch reumatoidnej artrit\u00eddy m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 naj\u00fa\u010dinnej\u0161ou mo\u017enos\u0165ou chirurgick\u00fd z\u00e1krok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fyzick\u00e1 aktivita m\u00f4\u017ee zmierni\u0165 pr\u00edznaky ochorenia, zlep\u0161i\u0165 funkciu k\u013abov a dokonca spomali\u0165 jeho progresiu. \u013dudia s t\u00fdmto ochoren\u00edm by sa mali poradi\u0165 so svoj\u00edm lek\u00e1rom o vhodn\u00fdch cvi\u010deniach, ale vo v\u0161eobecnosti by sa mali sna\u017ei\u0165 o pribli\u017ene 150 min\u00fat miernej aktivity ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Udr\u017eiavanie zdravej hmotnosti m\u00f4\u017ee zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e k\u013abov, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee zhor\u0161i\u0165 artrit\u00eddu. Aj mierne zn\u00ed\u017eenie hmotnosti m\u00f4\u017ee prinies\u0165 v\u00fdhody. Napr\u00edklad strata len pol kilogramu zni\u017euje z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e, ktor\u00fa koleno nesie, o dva kilogramy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00da\u013eavu od bolesti m\u00f4\u017ee poskytn\u00fa\u0165 aj prikladanie tepl\u00fdch alebo studen\u00fdch obkladov na postihnut\u00e9 k\u013aby. Teplo m\u00f4\u017ee upokoji\u0165 nap\u00e4t\u00e9 svaly, zatia\u013e \u010do \u013ead m\u00f4\u017ee zmierni\u0165 opuch a boles\u0165. Niektor\u00ed \u013eudia navy\u0161e nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u00fa\u013eavu od bolesti aj prostredn\u00edctvom relaxa\u010dn\u00fdch techn\u00edk, ako je medit\u00e1cia alebo cvi\u010denia hlbok\u00e9ho d\u00fdchania.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder. As an autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis causes the immune system to attack healthy cells throughout the body. This, in turn, leads to inflammation which then causes joint pain. Sometimes, however, it can damage organs, too, including the lungs, heart, and eyes. About 18 million people around the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2898,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[139,140,93,50,133],"class_list":["post-2897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rheumatoid-arthritis","tag-autoimmune-disease","tag-chronic-illness","tag-patient-support","tag-rheumatoid-arthritis","tag-treatment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2897"}],"curies":[{"name":"pracovn\u00fd list","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}