{"id":2900,"date":"2024-01-30T00:18:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-30T05:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldcarenew.wpenginepowered.com\/?p=2900"},"modified":"2026-03-08T02:16:17","modified_gmt":"2026-03-08T07:16:17","slug":"liecba-a-prevencia-rizik-zlyhania-obliciek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/renal-failure-risks-treatments-and-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"Zlyhanie obli\u010diek: Rizik\u00e1, lie\u010dba a prevencia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu je to, \u010do potrebujete vedie\u0165 o pokro\u010dilom ochoren\u00ed obli\u010diek, ktor\u00e9 ka\u017edoro\u010dne postihuje mili\u00f3ny \u013eud\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zlyhanie obli\u010diek je piatym a najz\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161\u00edm \u0161t\u00e1diom chronick\u00e9ho ochorenia obli\u010diek. Vyskytuje sa, ke\u010f obli\u010dky dok\u00e1\u017eu fungova\u0165 iba pri r\u00fdchlosti 10-15% v ich norm\u00e1lnej hodnote, \u010do u\u017e nesta\u010d\u00ed na udr\u017eanie optim\u00e1lneho zdravia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok trp\u00ed na zlyhanie obli\u010diek, zn\u00e1me aj ako ren\u00e1lne zlyhanie, pribli\u017ene 2 mili\u00f3ny \u013eud\u00ed na celom svete. Krajiny s najvy\u0161\u0161ou mierou v\u00fdskytu ren\u00e1lneho zlyhania s\u00fa Taiwan, Japonsko, Mexiko, Spojen\u00e9 \u0161t\u00e1ty a Belgicko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zlyhanie obli\u010diek je v\u00e1\u017eny a potenci\u00e1lne smrte\u013en\u00fd stav, ale s vhodn\u00fdmi lek\u00e1rskymi z\u00e1sahmi m\u00f4\u017eu pacienti obnovi\u0165 funkciu obli\u010diek. Z\u00edskajte inform\u00e1cie o rizik\u00e1ch ochorenia obli\u010diek a o tom, ako mo\u017eno tento stav zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 funkcie vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa obli\u010dky?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Prim\u00e1rnou funkciou obli\u010diek je odstra\u0148ovanie tox\u00ednov a filtrovanie odpadu z krvi. Obli\u010dky tie\u017e reguluj\u00fa krvn\u00fd tlak, tvoria \u010derven\u00e9 krvinky a dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u017eiviny kostiam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f obli\u010dky nefunguj\u00fa spr\u00e1vne, tox\u00edny a odpad sa hromadia v krvi. Srdce mus\u00ed pracova\u0165 viac, \u010do zvy\u0161uje krvn\u00fd tlak. Bez lie\u010dby sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyvin\u00fa\u0165 chronick\u00e9 ochorenie obli\u010diek, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k ochoreniu a mo\u017eno aj k smrti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako sa lie\u010di zlyhanie obli\u010diek?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zlyhanie obli\u010diek sa lie\u010di dvoma sp\u00f4sobmi: transplant\u00e1ciou a dial\u00fdzou. Transplant\u00e1cia obli\u010diek m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prijat\u00e1 od \u017eiv\u00e9ho aj zosnul\u00e9ho darcu a p\u00e4\u0165ro\u010dn\u00e1 miera pre\u017eitia pr\u00edjemcov transplantovanej obli\u010dky je viac ako 80%. Obli\u010dka je naj\u010dastej\u0161ie transplantovan\u00fdm org\u00e1nom; pod\u013ea Svetov\u00e9ho d\u0148a obli\u010diek sa ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na celom svete transplantuje pribli\u017ene 85 000 obli\u010diek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dial\u00fdza, \u010fal\u0161ia lie\u010dba zlyhania obli\u010diek, \u010dist\u00ed krv tox\u00edny, odstra\u0148uje prebyto\u010dn\u00e9 tekutiny a reguluje krvn\u00fd tlak, ke\u010f obli\u010dky nie s\u00fa dostato\u010dne siln\u00e9 na to, aby to dok\u00e1zali. Niektor\u00ed pacienti m\u00f4\u017eu podst\u00fapi\u0165 dial\u00fdzu doma, zatia\u013e \u010do in\u00ed musia \u00eds\u0165 na lie\u010dbu do kliniky alebo nemocnice. Existuj\u00fa dva hlavn\u00e9 typy dial\u00fdzy, hemodial\u00fdza a peritone\u00e1lna dial\u00fdza. Pri hemodial\u00fdze filtra\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edstroj odstra\u0148uje krv z tela, filtruje odpad a prebyto\u010dn\u00e9 tekutiny a potom vracia prefiltrovan\u00fa krv sp\u00e4\u0165 do tela. Peritone\u00e1lna dial\u00fdza \u010dist\u00ed krv v tele pomocou chirurgicky umiestnenej trubice v bru\u0161nej dutine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa pr\u00edznaky zlyhania obli\u010diek?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zlyhanie obli\u010diek m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 extr\u00e9mnu \u00fanavu, nevo\u013enos\u0165, slabos\u0165 a zm\u00e4tenos\u0165. U osoby so zlyhan\u00edm obli\u010diek sa m\u00f4\u017ee v d\u00f4sledku zadr\u017eiavania tekut\u00edn zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 v\u00fddaj mo\u010du alebo sa u nej m\u00f4\u017ee objavi\u0165 opuch n\u00f4h, \u010dlenkov a chodidiel. Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 pr\u00edpady m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 z\u00e1chvaty alebo k\u00f3mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak\u00e9 s\u00fa rizikov\u00e9 faktory ochorenia obli\u010diek?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Medzi najbe\u017enej\u0161ie rizikov\u00e9 faktory ochorenia obli\u010diek patria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Cukrovka<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Vysok\u00fd krvn\u00fd tlak<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Srdcov\u00e9 choroby<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Obezita<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Vek 60 alebo viac rokov<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 By\u0165 \u010dernochom, hisp\u00e1ncom, p\u00f4vodn\u00fdm Ameri\u010danom, domorodcom Alja\u0161ky alebo pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edkom prv\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2022 Rodinn\u00e1 anamn\u00e9za zlyhania obli\u010diek<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Niekedy ochorenie obli\u010diek v po\u010diato\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1di\u00e1ch nesp\u00f4sobuje \u017eiadne pr\u00edznaky. Ak m\u00e1te zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko ochorenia obli\u010diek, op\u00fdtajte sa svojho lek\u00e1ra na zdravie va\u0161ich obli\u010diek a \u010di by ste sa mali necha\u0165 vy\u0161etri\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako si m\u00f4\u017eem udr\u017ea\u0165 dobr\u00e9 zdravie obli\u010diek?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pre udr\u017eanie dobr\u00e9ho zdravia obli\u010diek sa zamerajte na zdrav\u00fa stravu. Potraviny, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa dobr\u00e9 pre va\u0161e srdce, s\u00fa dobr\u00e9 aj pre va\u0161e obli\u010dky, ako je ovocie, zelenina a celozrnn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Pri varen\u00ed uprednost\u0148ujte pe\u010denie a grilovanie pred vypr\u00e1\u017ean\u00edm a namiesto soli sk\u00faste pou\u017ei\u0165 r\u00f4zne in\u00e9 koreniny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie zmeny \u017eivotn\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00fdlu, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu zlep\u0161i\u0165 zdravie obli\u010diek, patr\u00ed nefaj\u010denie, zvl\u00e1danie stresu a udr\u017eiavanie dobr\u00e9ho krvn\u00e9ho tlaku. Funkciu obli\u010diek m\u00f4\u017ee zlep\u0161i\u0165 aj obmedzenie alkoholu; vo v\u0161eobecnosti by \u017eeny nemali vypi\u0165 viac ako jeden n\u00e1poj denne a mu\u017ei by nemali vypi\u0165 viac ako dva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nakoniec, rovnako ako pri takmer v\u0161etk\u00fdch ochoreniach, zlep\u0161enie mobility za\u010dlenen\u00edm vhodn\u00e9ho cvi\u010denia do v\u00e1\u0161ho denn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu m\u00f4\u017ee zlep\u0161i\u0165 zdravotn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Here\u2019s what you need to know about advanced kidney disease, which affects millions of people each year. Renal failure is the fifth and most severe stage of chronic kidney disease. It occurs when the kidneys can only function at 10-15% of their normal rate, which is no longer enough to maintain optimal health. Each year, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2901,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[140,149,72,148,133],"class_list":["post-2900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-renal-failure","tag-chronic-illness","tag-kidney-disease","tag-prevention","tag-renal-failure","tag-treatment"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2900","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2900"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2900\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2901"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2900"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2900"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldcare.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2900"}],"curies":[{"name":"pracovn\u00fd list","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}